給快遞包裝“減肥”是行業(yè)亟待解決的問題
It is an urgent problem for the industry to package "lose weight" for express delivery.
國家郵政局發(fā)布的《2017年快遞市場監(jiān)管報告》顯示，2017年，中國快遞業(yè)務(wù)量達(dá)到400.7億件，同比增長28%，占據(jù)世界份額超40%，連續(xù)4年穩(wěn)居世界第一。
According to the "Express Market Supervision Report 2017" issued by the State Post Office, in 2017, China's express delivery business reached 40.7 billion units, an increase of 28% over the same period of the year, accounting for more than 40% of the world's share, ranking first in the world for four consecutive years.
值得注意的是，快遞量幾何級增長的同時，快遞包裝所需的包裝箱、膠帶等物品的消耗量也十分驚人。業(yè)內(nèi)有聲音稱，隨著電商平臺和快遞行業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展，快遞包裝廢棄物遠(yuǎn)越來越多，并有從城市向農(nóng)村擴(kuò)大的趨勢。
It is noteworthy that the number of express delivery geometric growth at the same time, express packaging needs packaging boxes, tape and other items consumption is very alarming. Industry voices said that with the rapid development of e-commerce platforms and express industry, express packaging waste is far more and more, and there is a trend from the city to the countryside to expand.
相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2015年，全國快遞共消耗99.22億個包裝箱、169.85萬米膠帶、82.68億個塑料袋;2016年，共消耗約32億條編織袋、約68億個塑料袋、37億個包裝箱以及3.3億卷膠帶。而以上數(shù)據(jù)表明，快遞垃圾開始成為環(huán)境治理的一個新難題。
Relevant data show that in 2015, China's express delivery consumed 9.922 billion boxes, 16.985 million meters of tape, 8.268 billion plastic bags; in 2016, it consumed about 3.2 billion woven bags, about 6.8 billion plastic bags, 3.7 billion packaging boxes and 330 million rolls of tape. The above data show that express waste has become a new problem of environmental governance.
眾所周知，快遞用的塑料袋往往成分比較復(fù)雜，主要由化工材料、生活垃圾等再加工而成，含有有害污染物質(zhì)，不能重新加工，也不能降解，大多數(shù)只能填埋或焚燒，具有很大的安全隱患。
As we all know, the components of plastic bags used for express delivery are often complex, mainly from chemical materials, domestic waste and other reprocessed, containing harmful pollutants, can not be reprocessed, can not be degraded, most of them can only be landfill or incinerated, with great potential safety hazards.
另一方面，買賣雙方一個為“利”、一個為“美”，快遞包裹經(jīng)常是里三層外三層，過度包裝甚是可怕。而與之相對應(yīng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)卻是，我國包裝垃圾的總體回收率小于20%，其中紙盒只有不到一半被回收，圍城態(tài)勢更加嚴(yán)峻。
On the other hand, the buyer and the seller are "profit" and "beauty" respectively. Express packages are often three layers inside and three layers outside. Over-packing is terrible. The corresponding reality is that the overall recovery rate of packaging waste in China is less than 20%, of which less than half of the cartons are recycled, and the siege situation is even more serious.
一直以來，快遞包裝量過大、回收利用率低下、資源浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重，快遞過度包裝就飽受詬病。業(yè)內(nèi)人士表示，小小包裝，是折射踐行綠色發(fā)展理念的一面鏡子，粗放式發(fā)展的快遞業(yè)是時候轉(zhuǎn)型升級了。
Over-packaged express delivery has always been criticized for its excessive quantity, low recycling efficiency and serious waste of resources. Industry insiders said that small packaging is a mirror reflecting the practice of green development concept, extensive development of the express industry is time for transformation and upgrading.
因此，快遞包裝如何“瘦身”和有效回收利用，已成亟待解決的問題。
Therefore, how to reduce weight and effective recycling of express packaging has become an urgent problem.
源頭減量。從某種程度上，源頭的控制相對末端要容易。相關(guān)部門可以借助法律手段，明確推行商品和快遞包裝的減量要求，包括限制一次性不可降解的塑料制品的使用，要通過法律手段進(jìn)行規(guī)范。
Source reduction. To some extent, the control of source is easier than the end. Relevant departments can use legal means to clearly implement the reduction requirements of commodities and express packages, including restrictions on the use of disposable non-degradable plastic products, through legal means to regulate.
生態(tài)環(huán)境部副部長趙英民曾表示，為源頭減少快遞包裝垃圾，建議推進(jìn)綠色包裝、綠色采購、綠色物流、綠色回收、大幅減少生產(chǎn)和流通過程中的資源消耗和污染物排放已經(jīng)顯得尤為緊迫和重要。
Zhao Yingmin, Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, once said that it was particularly urgent and important to promote green packaging, green procurement, green logistics, green recycling, greatly reduce resource consumption and pollutant emissions in the production and circulation process in order to reduce express packaging waste at the source.
中端回收。多數(shù)快遞包裝最終都會被消費(fèi)者當(dāng)作生活垃圾廢棄，而這些東西有的是可回收的，有的是不可回收的。為促進(jìn)快遞垃圾減量化，應(yīng)提升全民回收意識，建立完善的回收體系，并出臺必要的鼓勵機(jī)制。
Mid end recycling. Most express packages are eventually discarded by consumers as household waste, some of which are recyclable and some are non-recyclable. In order to promote the reduction of express waste, we should enhance the consciousness of the whole people to recycle, establish a perfect recycling system, and introduce the necessary incentive mechanism.
關(guān)于包裝垃圾回收問題，也可以借鑒國外成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)。如：日本通過制定并實(shí)施《包裝再生利用法》，致力于回收體系的建設(shè)，鼓勵在境內(nèi)建立大量的回收站，通過定時回收、集合中轉(zhuǎn)等方式，運(yùn)輸至專門的處理中心進(jìn)行再循環(huán)、再制造處理。
As for the problem of packaging garbage recycling, we can learn from foreign successful experience. For example, through the enactment and implementation of the Law on Packaging Recycling and Utilization, Japan has devoted itself to the construction of recycling system, encouraged the establishment of a large number of recycling stations within the country, and transported them to special treatment centers for recycling and remanufacturing by means of regular recycling and collective transfer.
使用綠色包裝。推進(jìn)快遞包裝的綠色化，有效解決廢棄物污染問題，必須建立完善相應(yīng)的法律法規(guī)，通過明確貨品的包裝技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，強(qiáng)制性規(guī)定回收包裝廢棄物，從源頭上遏制浪費(fèi)、降低污染。
Use green packaging. To promote the green packaging of express delivery and effectively solve the problem of waste pollution, we must establish and improve the corresponding laws and regulations, through clear packaging technical standards, mandatory provisions for recycling packaging waste, from the source to curb waste and reduce pollution.
當(dāng)然，快遞“過度包裝”問題涉及包裝材料供應(yīng)商、電商平臺和商家、消費(fèi)者、快遞企業(yè)等多個主體，推動快遞包裝“綠色化”需多方共同努力。（中國環(huán)保在線）
Of course, the express "over-packaging" problem involves packaging materials suppliers, e-commerce platforms and businessmen, consumers, express enterprises and other subjects, to promote the "green" express packaging needs joint efforts. (China environmental protection online)
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