中國物流業(yè)發(fā)展飛快，低效率高成本頑疾如何治愈？
How can China's logistics industry develop rapidly?
曾幾何時，“低效率、高成本”是中國物流久治不愈的頑疾。今天，在一場被稱為“物流革命”的改革驅動下，物流行業(yè)正在讓中國經濟變得更加亮眼。
Once upon a time, "low efficiency and high cost" is a stubborn disease of Chinese logistics. Today, driven by a reform known as the "logistics revolution," the logistics industry is making China's economy more visible.
中國物流業(yè)發(fā)展飛快
China's logistics industry is developing rapidly.
今年5月初，俄羅斯的娜塔莎女士在阿里巴巴國際版“速賣通”上買了一條裙子，5天后她就收到了商品。驚喜之余，她在商品評價中留言：“很滿意，物流速度超級快！”
In early May, Ms. Natasha of Russia bought a dress on Alibaba's International Express, and five days later she received it. In surprise, she left a message in the product evaluation: "very satisfied, the logistics speed is super fast!"
要知道，5年前，從中國寄往俄羅斯的包裹平均到達時間是60天。從60天到5天，12倍的提速背后，是中國物流正在進行的一場革命。借助互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)、大數(shù)據(jù)、云計算、人工智能、區(qū)塊鏈等技術，中國的物流行業(yè)正在發(fā)生翻天覆地的變化，阿里巴巴董事局主席馬云：“我們要打造國家智能物流骨干網(wǎng)，在國內，做到任何一個地方24小時必達；在全球，要沿‘一帶一路’，打造全球72小時必達。這張網(wǎng)是屬于中國的，更是屬于世界的。”
You know, 5 years ago, the average time of arrival from China to Russia was 60 days. From 60 days to 5 days, behind the speed increase of 12 times, it is a revolution in China's logistics. With the help of Internet of Things, Big Data, Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence, Block Chain and other technologies, China's logistics industry is undergoing tremendous changes. Ma Yun, chairman of Alibaba Board of Directors, said: "We want to create a national intelligent logistics backbone network, in China, to achieve anywhere in the world, must be 24 hours; Along the "one belt and one road", it will create 72 hours in the world. This net belongs to China and belongs to the world. "
現(xiàn)在，來往于世界的每一份中國物流單上，記錄的是全新的“商品流”、“信息流”、“資金流”的“三流合一”，并不斷升級演化出“物流新物種”，織就了一張全球智慧物流網(wǎng)絡。
Now, every Chinese logistics sheet between the world records a new "merchandise flow", "information flow" and "capital flow" of the "three-in-one" and constantly upgrades and evolves into a "new species of logistics", weaving a global intelligent logistics network.
物流行業(yè)存在的問題怎么解決？
How to solve the problems existing in the logistics industry?
雖然“天下武功，唯快不破”，但同時必須看到，我國物流“成本高、效率低”問題仍然比較突出。今年以來，國家發(fā)改委會同相關部門，連續(xù)出臺多項政策，直指物流領域“簡政、減稅、降費”，包括降低交通運輸業(yè)增值稅率、擴大物流企業(yè)倉儲用地稅收優(yōu)惠范圍、對掛車減半征收車輛購置稅、推動取消高速公路省界收費站等。
Although "the world martial arts, only fast not break", but we must also see that China's logistics "high cost, low efficiency" problem is still more prominent. Since this year, the National Development and Reform Commission, together with other relevant departments, has issued a number of policies directed at "simplifying administration, reducing taxes and reducing fees" in the field of logistics, including reducing the value-added tax rate of transportation, expanding the scope of preferential tax on storage land for logistics enterprises, reducing vehicle purchase tax by half on trailers, and promoting the abolition of provincial highway tolls. Wait.
效果如何，數(shù)字說話。今年1-4月，社會物流總額的費用比上年同期下降2.3%，運輸費用增速同比回落6.3個百分點。
What's the result? From January to April this year, the total cost of social logistics fell by 2.3% compared with the same period last year, and the growth rate of transportation cost dropped by 6.3 percentage points.
城市配送初創(chuàng)公司叮咚快運CEO祁萌：“降稅大概一到兩個點。因為我們發(fā)展比較快，因此影響很明顯，一年能節(jié)省幾十到一百萬元的優(yōu)惠幅度。”
CEO, Qi Meng, an urban distribution startups, "tax reduction is about one to two points. Because we are developing faster, the impact is obvious, and we can save a few dozen to one million yuan a year.
當然，正如事物性質的改變不能憑借單一要素的改變，物流降成本也不能單純依靠政府的減稅降費，而需要系統(tǒng)性調整、全方位轉型，例如優(yōu)化物流運行環(huán)境、開展物流創(chuàng)新試點示范、推動智慧物流發(fā)展等。
Of course, just as the change of the nature of things can not rely on the change of a single factor, logistics cost reduction can not simply rely on government tax cuts, but need to be systematically adjusted, all-round transformation, such as optimizing the logistics operation environment, carrying out logistics innovation pilot demonstration, promoting the development of intelligent logistics.
商務部國際貿易經濟合作研究院產業(yè)所副主任林夢：“在硬件環(huán)境上，加強重要物流節(jié)點上的物流基礎設施建設；在軟件環(huán)境上，利用現(xiàn)代信息技術手段來提升便利化水平，推動建設物流供需信息平臺，提高物流交易環(huán)節(jié)的效率來降低物流交易成本，還可以通過企業(yè)物流組織模式的創(chuàng)新來降低物流成本。”
Lin Meng, deputy director of the Institute of International Trade and Economic Cooperation Research, Ministry of Commerce, said: "In the hardware environment, we should strengthen the logistics infrastructure construction on important logistics nodes; in the software environment, we should use modern information technology to enhance the level of facilitation, promote the construction of logistics supply and demand information platform, and improve the effectiveness of logistics transaction links." Rate to reduce logistics transaction costs, but also through the innovation of enterprise logistics organization model to reduce logistics costs.
俯瞰華夏大地，疾馳的物流鏈猶如星云流動，璀璨星光點亮的不僅是中國經濟的新增長點，還寄托著物流改革者柔軟且溫暖的希望，那就是讓身處不同地方的人們，生活更加美好。
Looking down on the land of China, the fast-moving logistics chain is like a nebula flowing. The bright stars are not only the new growth point of China's economy, but also the soft and warm hope of logistics reformers, that is, to make life better for people in different places.
京東集團董事局主席兼首席執(zhí)行官劉強東：“京東的目的是幫助農村地區(qū)。農民買工業(yè)品要付出的價格比富裕地區(qū)，比如比北京、上海還要貴30%以上，京東無人機投入之后第一次實現(xiàn)偏遠、落后貧窮地區(qū)，享受和北京、上海同樣的產品、同樣的服務、同樣的公平競爭。偏遠農村種的質量特別好的農產品，也可以迅速賣到北京、上海。”
Liu Qiangdong, chairman and chief executive officer of Jingdong group, said: "the purpose of Jingdong is to help the rural areas. Farmers have to pay more than 30% more for industrial goods than rich areas, such as Beijing and Shanghai. For the first time since the launch of the Beijing-East UAV, remote and backward poor areas will enjoy the same products, services and fair competition as Beijing and Shanghai. The quality of agricultural products in remote rural areas can also be quickly sold to Beijing and Shanghai.
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